tularensis at greater than 104 CFU/mL. Taitt et al. [13] developed a fluorescence-based multianalyte immunosensor selleck chem for simultaneous analysis of multiple samples. This antigen-antibody assay was successful in detecting nine infectious agents, including F. tularensis LVS. O��Brien et al. [14] developed, optimized, and evaluated a bidiffractive grating biosensor (BDG) as a potential field deployable biosensor. Well-characterized immunochemical reagents were employed in developing the assays in the BDG for detection of four separate agents, including F. tularensis. Thus far most sensor-based assays have used an immunological approach to detect bacterial antigens. They have not been developed Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries for detecting bacterial DNA in samples without PCR amplifications.

The Center for Photonics Technology at Virginia Tech has developed optical Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries sensors for a wide range of analytes such as temperature [15], pressure [16,17], flow [18], acoustics [17,19], humidity, and various gases [20,21], including the world��s smallest high temperature pressure sensor [22]. The layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly (LbL/ESA) process allows direct attachment of these probes to the fiber surface, either the endface or side surfaces. The result is that either immunoglobulins (IgG) or DNA may be used for both interferometric and long period fiber grating sensing schemes. In this communication, we report the development of biosensor prototypes that incorporate label-free, specific antibodies and single-stranded oligonucleotides for detection of F. tularensis, and differentiation Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries of subspecies types A and B.

The assay was Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries highly sensitive and specific, and has promise as a diagnostic test to rapidly detect F. tularensis under field or simple laboratory settings.2.?Experimental Section2.1. Layer-by-Layer Electrostatic Self-Assembly ProcessingThe layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly Batimastat (LbL/ESA) process was adapted to incorporate antibodies and oligonucleotide probes specific to F. tularensis [23�C26]. Careful organization of biomolecules into thin-film structures can be achieved by molecular self-assembly using layer-by-layer adsorption of polyelectrolytes. LbL/ESA films are composed of two (or more) polyions, salts, and a substantial amount of water [27,28]. Because the polymer chain is flexible, it is free to orient its geometry with respect to the substrate, so a relatively low-energy, stable configuration is achieved.

Film characteristics are dependent on the composition of each monolayer, the process parameters used to deposit the monolayers, and the order in which the layers are assembled [27,29,30]. Previous work focused on the selection of process parameters to minimize thickness variation and maximize http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Enzastaurin.html polymer refractive index (RI) within the possible range in order to achieve a composite RI in the high-sensitivity LPFG range of 1.400 to 1.