Reductions in short-term case fatality
rates for myocardial infarction appear to be driven, in part, by a decrease in the incidence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and a lower rate of death after non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
N Engl J Med 2010;362:2155-65.”
“Aims:
Classic virological tests are time consuming and labour-intensive; real-time RT-PCR has AZD3965 proven to be a fast method to detect and quantify enterovirus genomes in clinical and environmental samples. This method is unable to discriminate between infective and noninfective enterovirus particles; few clinical studies have compared real-time RT-PCR and viral culture. We wondered if the enterovirus genome quantification could be correlated to the infectivity.
Methods and Results:
We used the statistical approach to verify our hypotheses to correlate data, obtained by the standard method (most probable number of cytopathic units-MPNCU) and molecular test (real-time RT-PCR),
on wastewater treatment plant samples. Chi-squared test was used, considering several cut-off values (’50′-’100′-’200′ genome copy numbers), to determine statistical significance in comparison of the two methods. Chi-square value was not significant when cut-off of 50 (P = 0 center dot 103) and 100 (P = 0 center dot 178) was assumed but was significant with cut-off Cediranib chemical structure of 200 (P = 0 center dot 044).
Conclusion:
This limit, 200 genome copy, could be used as cut-off value to indicate enterovirus survival in environmental monitoring.
Significant
and Impact of the Study:
To introduce a fast procedure that is able to compensate for disadvantages of cell culture method for viral environmental analyses.”
“Background: From June 22 through June 25, 2009, four outbreaks www.selleck.cn/products/pf-03084014-pf-3084014.html of infection with the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus occurred in Singapore military camps. We report the efficacy of ring chemoprophylaxis (geographically targeted containment by means of prophylaxis) with oseltamivir to control outbreaks of 2009 H1N1 influenza in semiclosed environments.
Methods: All personnel with suspected infection were tested and clinically isolated if infection was confirmed. In addition, we administered postexposure ring chemoprophylaxis with oseltamivir and segregated the affected military units to contain the spread of the virus. All personnel were screened three times weekly both for virologic infection, by means of nasopharyngeal swabs and reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay with sequencing, and for clinical symptoms, by means of questionnaires.
Results: A total of 1175 personnel were at risk across the four sites, with 1100 receiving oseltamivir prophylaxis. A total of 75 personnel (6.4%) were infected before the intervention, and 7 (0.6%) after the intervention.