Mattress displacement was measured using surface reference accelerometers. Mattress displacement >= 5 mm was prospectively defined as minimal clinically important difference. PR qualities of both mattresses were assessed by tissue interface pressure mapping.

Results: During simulated

high quality CC, single mode had significantly more mattress displacement compared to dual mode Selleckchem Ruboxistaurin (mean difference 16.5 +/- 1.4 mm, p < 0.0001) with backboard. This difference was greater when no backboard was used (mean difference 31.7 +/- 1.5 mm, p < 0.0001). Both single mode and dual mode met PR industry guidelines (mean surface pressure < 50 mmHg).

Conclusions: Chest compressions delivered on dual mode pressure reduction crib mattresses resulted in P005091 substantially smaller mattress deflection compared to single mode pressure reduction mattresses. Skin pressure reduction qualities of dual mode pressure reduction crib mattress were maintained. We recommend that backboards continue to be used in order to mitigate mattress deflection during CPR on soft mattresses. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia

(IFAP) syndrome (OMIM 308205) is an extremely rare X-linked oculocutaneous genetic disorder characterized by follicular keratotic papules, total to subtotal alopecia, and photophobia. Previous reports depicted the histopathological features of affected skin lesions, represented by marked follicular plugging and hypoplastic pilosebaceous structures. However, past studies provided limited pathological

information of pilosebaceous unit anomaly. Here, we report a 3-year-old boy’s case with this uncommon condition. In this case, scalp biopsy samples were processed by both vertical and transverse sectioning techniques, which enabled a more detailed and quantitative LY294002 pathological analysis of pilosebaceous structures. In vertical slices, miniaturized anagen hair follicles with characteristic follicular plugs were observed. A transverse section identified abortive sebaceous glands in hair follicles, a finding rarely observed in vertical sections. In addition, a transverse slice demonstrated that the number of total hair follicles was not significantly decreased compared with the average hair follicle density in Asians, suggesting that the pilosebaceous hypoplasia might arise from impaired maturation, not from initiation defect, during hair follicle morphogenesis. This study provides a more comprehensive pathological insight into pilosebaceous anomaly in IFAP syndrome and substantiats the usefulness of the combination of vertical and transverse sectioning approaches in the pathological examination of congenital hypotrichosis, including IFAP syndrome.