Furthermore, based on these findings it is necessary to implement a national program of infectious disease monitoring while promoting the shortest duration of CVC and PVC use as possible. There is also an ongoing need to monitor all VLBW undergoing surgery in the neonatal period for post surgical infections to reduce the LO BSI incidence. Background Hand, foot and mouth selleck chemicals disease is a common infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses, most frequently Coxsackie A 16 and Enterovirus 71. Typical clinical manifestations of HFMD in children include fever, skin eruptions on hands and feet, and vesicles in the mouth. However, cases involving the central nervous system and or pulmonary edema have also been reported. There are no vaccines neither specific treatment for this disease. Alsop et al.

introduced the term Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries HFMD when they described an outbreak that occurred in the summer of 1959 in Birmingham. The disease then gradually spread around the world. In 2009, an outbreak in the mainland China involved 1,155,525 cases, 13,810 severe cases and 353 deaths. Outbreaks have been reported in other countries in the Western Pacific Region, including Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam. In Vietnam, the first case of HFMD was reported in 2003 Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and within the following years the disease was reported in all major cities and provinces in the country. The number of reported cases and deaths of HFMD were 5719 and 23 in 2007. 10,958 and 25 in 2008. and 10632 and 23 in 2009, respectively.

National surveillance data Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries obtained by the Ministry of Health showed that there has been an increasing trend in recent years Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries which peaked in 2011 when Vietnam recorded 113,121 cases of HFMD and 170 deaths. Since 2011, the Ministry of Health classified HFMD as a severe infectious disease with outbreak potential and the disease has been reported weekly by the national communicable disease surveillance system which collects reports from all the hospitals. Little is known about epidemiology of HFMD in the Vietnamese population. In 2005, a sentinel Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries surveillance system at a pediatric hospital diagnosed 764 children with HFMD in Ho Chi Minh City. Among them, 96% were five years of age or younger. All cases had specimens taken for virological investigation. Human EV was isolated from 411 patients. Of those, 173 were identified as EV71 and 214 as CAV16. Of the patients with EV71 thing infection, 51 had severe neurological complications and three were fatal. In 2006 2007, sentinel surveillance at the same hospital reported 305 cases diagnosed with a neurological disease, of which 36 cases and three deaths were associated with EV71.