father) and segment (see Supplementary Material). Coders coded only one segment per family to avoid ��spillage�� across segments. Reliability coders always selleck chem inhibitor coded target participants in opposite sequence from the primary coder to avoid order effects. Interrater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlations (ICCs). We first computed ICCs in the traditional manner utilizing the average estimates coefficient. The mean ICC was .74 (range = .59�C.83). Based on established guidelines (Cicchetti et al., 2006), all ICCs were in the acceptable range, and all but the parent expectancies code (ICC = .59) were in the substantial to outstanding range (ICCs: consequences = .74 [parent only]; disclosure = .76 [parent and teen]; disapproval = .76 [parent] and .83 [teen], expectancies [teen] = .73).

We also developed a more stringent approach to calculating reliability to account for between-coder variability using a random effects model (details available from the senior author). All ICCs generated by this random effects model were in the moderate to substantial range (M = .56, range = .40�C.66). Correlations among FTAS codes were small to moderate and in the expected direction, suggesting that FTAS codes tapped into distinct but related facets of smoking-specific communication: teen codes mean r = .42 (range = .26�C.57); mother codes mean r = .23 (range = .00�C.47), and father codes mean r = 23 (range = .02�C.45). In terms of validity, the FTAS was correlated modestly but in the expected direction with more general facets of observed family communication and questionnaire assessments of smoking-specific socialization (methods described below; for detailed report of intercorrelations, see Supplementary Material).

In support of the FTAS�� ecological validity, 83% of teens, 89% of mothers, Brefeldin_A and 88% of fathers rated the discussions as typical or highly typical (Campione-Barr & Smetana, 2004). General Family Process Codes The Iowa Family Rating Scales (IFIRS: Melby & Conger, 2001) were also applied during the FTAS to measure interactional quality: (a) general Communication Style (i.e., rating of assertiveness, listener responsiveness, and communication; �� for parents = .78 and for teens = .83) and (b) parent�Cteen relationship quality. Adequate interrater reliability was also demonstrated for IFIRS codes (M ICC = .76, range = .72�C.83). Teen Smoking Status At baseline and 6-month follow-up assessments, teens reported on number of days smoked in the past thirty days. Based on this, 43% of youth were identified as current smokers at baseline (M = 3.34 days smoked) and 38% at 6 months (M = 5.50 days smoked; range = 1�C30 days smoked).