As with any animal study, the results may not extrapolate to a higher species. Further studies are needed to determine if these effects are clinically significant.”
“A new eremophilenolactone sesquiterpene was isolated from the roots of Senecio ambraceus. Its structure was elucidated as 6-angeloyloxy-eremophila-1(10),7(11)-diene-12,8-lactone on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including IR, electron ionisation mass spectrometry, high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.”
“To
evaluate the effect of a large perfusion-bioreactor cell-activated bone substitute, on a two-level large posterolateral spine fusion sheep model.
A 50 mm long porous biphasic-calcium-phosphate bone substitute reinforced with poly(d,l-lactide) and, activated with bone marrow derived mononuclear-cells (BMNC) was used. Eighteen sheep were divided Semaxanib order into two groups and one group (n = 9) had BMNC-activated bone substitutes and cell-free substitutes implanted. The second group (n = 9) had autograft 5-Fluoracil clinical trial supplemented with BMNC and regular autograft implanted.
The implant material was alternated between spine level L2-L3 and L4-L5 in both groups. MicroCT was used to compare the spine fusion efficacy and bone structure of the two groups as well as the implanted bone substitutes and non-implanted substitutes.
After 4A1/2A months six sheep survived in both groups and we found five spine levels were fused when using activated bone substitute compared to three levels with cell-free bone substitute (p = 0.25). Five sheep fused at both levels in the autograft group. A significant increased
bone density (p < 0.05) and anisotropy (p < 0.05) was found in the group of activated bone substitutes compared to cell-free bone substitute and no difference existed on the other parameters. The implanted bone substitutes had a significant higher bone density and trabecular thickness than non-implanted bone substitutes, thus indicating that the PLA reinforced BCP had Selleckchem BMS-777607 osteoconductive properties (p < 0.05). No effect of the supplemented BMNC to autograft was observed. The autograft group had a significant higher bone density, trabecular thickness and degree of anisotropy than the implanted bone substitutes (p < 0.05), but a lower connectivity density existed (p < 0.05). This indicates that though the activated substitute might have a similar fusion efficacy to autograft, the fusion bridge is not of equal substance.
We found that bioreactor-generated cell-based bone substitutes seemed superior in fusion ability when compared to cell-free bone substitute and comparable to autograft in fusion ability, but not in bone structure. This combined with the favorable biocompatible abilities and strength comparable to human cancellous bone indicates that it might be a suitable bone substitute in spine fusion procedures.