A non-significant trend was also evident for greater prevalence of reported severe maternal antipathy amongst those with psychosis. Associations with maternal neglect and childhood sexual abuse disappeared after adjusting for maternal physical abuse and antipathy. Paternal maltreatment and other forms of adversity were not associated with psychosis

nor was there evidence of a dose-response check details effect.

Conclusions. These findings suggest that only specific adverse childhood experiences are associated with psychotic disorders and only in a minority of cases. If replicated, this greater precision will ensure that research into the mechanisms underlying the pathway from childhood adversity to psychosis is more fruitful.”
“Background: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) General Thoracic Surgery Database (GTSD) is the largest clinical thoracic surgical database in the United States. The purpose

of the present study was to determine whether the GTSD esophagectomy outcomes are representative of nationwide outcomes by comparing them with other national clinical and administrative databases.

Methods: From 2002 to 2008, esophageal cancer resection outcomes Gemcitabine nmr from the GTSD were compared with those from the National Surgery Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) and Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). The observed differences in patient characteristics and postoperative events were also analyzed.

Results: Annual esophageal resection volumes have increased over

time. However, as of 2008, the GTSD and NSQIP only capture a small proportion of resections performed Ganetespib cost nationally (36% and 11%, respectively). The median patient age and female gender were similar in all 3 databases. Mortality was significantly lower within the GTSD (3.2%) and NSQIP (2.6%) compared with the NIS (6.1%, P<.001). The median length of stay was lower in the GTSD (10 days) than in either the NSQIP (12 days) and NIS (12 days, P<.001).

Conclusions: The STS GTSD reports outstanding mortality results and hospital length of stay for esophageal cancer resection. However, the surgical outcomes from the STS GTSD are not representative of the national results from programs not participating in the database. These results establish a reference for future esophagectomy comparisons and highlight the importance of increased participation and use of the STS GTSD. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144:1152-9)”
“Quantitative MRI techniques based on morphology and tissue microstructure dependent contrast provide a unique window on brain development in the neonatal period. The dramatic changes in morphology and MRI contrast that occur during this period have the potential to be used to identify normal and abnormal developmental trajectories that predict neurodevelopmental outcome in at risk populations. Here, we review these technologies focussing on two broad categories: gross morphological analysis and tissue microstructure assessment.