The filter paper was used to enhance the strength of the membrane. The PAA-AN/filter paper membrane showed evident pH sensitivity and pH reversibility as the pH value changed between 2.0 and 9.5. With the increase of the PAA-AN copolymer amount in the composite membrane, the pH sensitivity increased. The Cu (II) ion-exchange experiment indicated that the membrane could bind metal ions and could be used as ion-exchange membrane to purify water. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 119: 3607-3614, 2011″
“Self-organized

HgTe nanowires grown by ACY-738 chemical structure molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been characterized using conductive atomic force microscopy. As HgTe will degrade or evaporate at normal baking temperatures

for electron beam lithography (EBL) resists, an alternative method was developed. Using low temperature optical lithography processes, large Au contacts were deposited on a sample covered with randomly oriented, lateral HgTe nanowires. Nanowires partly covered by the large electrodes were identified with a scanning electron microscope and then localized in the atomic force microscope (AFM). The conductive tip of the AFM was then used as a movable electrode to measure current-voltage curves at several locations on HgTe nanowires. The measurements revealed that polycrystalline nanowires had diffusive electron transport, with resistivities two orders of magnitude larger than that of an MBE-grown HgTe film. The difference find more GSK923295 can be explained by scattering at the rough surface walls and at the grain boundaries in the wires. The method can be a solution when EBL is not available or requires too high temperature, or when measurements at several positions along a wire are required. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3512960]“
“The

viscosity and retention of several copolymers of acrylamide (AM) with sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (PAMS), and also hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) have been studied under aerobic condition with and without the sacrificial agent, isobutyl alcohol (IBA) added at a temperature of 80 degrees C. Parallel experiments have been performed in synthetic seawater (SSW) and 5 wt % NaCl. The viscosity at high temperature has been studied as a function of aging time, shear rate, sulfonation degree, molecular weight, and concentration of IBA. The retention in porous medium for sulfonated polyacrylamide polymers was measured in core floods using outcrop Berea sandstone. For the studied polymer sacrificial agent may protect polymer structure at high temperature. Higher sacrificial agent concentration gives better thermal stability in both 5 wt % NaCl and SSW solvents. Sulfonation degree also has a direct effect on thermal stability, i.e., higher sulfonation degree lead to better thermal stability in terms of viscosity.