bulloides. Wilke et al. (2006), while studying the planktonic foraminiferal flux in the Indian Ocean, reported the highest oxygen (lowest temperature) and carbon isotope values associated with frontal Depsipeptide clinical trial zones, i.e. when Atlantic and Agulhas waters mix and upwelling of deeper water masses occurs. The present observations enable the isotopic values of planktonic foraminiferal species associated with the various frontal systems in

the study area to be distinguished. The signatures of different water masses associated with various frontal systems across a north-south transect have been traced in stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C values) in the calcareous shells of the planktonic foraminiferal species Globigerina bulloides. The results may have a bearing on understanding past movements in the position of various frontal systems if studied in sub-surface sediments Decitabine purchase in the study area. However, a larger data set from distinct geographical locations in different sectors of the Southern Ocean is required for further

corroboration of our results. Dr. Shailesh Nayak, Secretary to Government of India, Ministry of Earth Sciences and Prof. R. Sethuraman, Vice-Chancellor of SASTRA University are gratefully acknowledged for their valuable support for this study. Our thanks go to Prof. A. Mackensen, Dr. Rajeev Saraswat and the Laboratory staff at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven, Germany, for providing the facilities for the oxygen isotope analyses. The master, officers and crew of ORV Sagar Kanya are acknowledged for providing logistical support during the collection clonidine of the samples. “
“The frontal zones of the subarctic North Atlantic and specifically the Barents Sea belong to the most productive marine areas in the world ocean (Sakshaug and Slagstad,

1991, Sakshaug and Slagstad, 1992 and Sakshaug, 1997). A recently developed Nordic Seas hydrodynamic model containing a primary production module (Wassmann et al. 2010) shows a large area of organic carbon sedimentation to the seabed south of Svalbard. Annual fluxes to the seabed were estimated at over 40 g C m2 year− 1 over the entire Svalbardbanken with some locations reaching 200 g C m2 year− 1 (Sakshaug 1997). However, this rich food supply is not reflected in the accumulation of carbon in the sediment or in the benthic biomass (Sakshaug & McClimans 2005, Renaud et al. 2007). The post-glacial Svalbardbanken is an elongated (300 × 50 km) structure that rises from the Barents Sea bed and in places is as shallow as 30 m (Figure 1). Its surface is covered with loose carbonate material – barnacles (Balanus balanus) and molluscs (Mya truncata, Hiatella arctica and Pecten sp.) – the shell fragments being mixed with very coarse sand and gravel ( Elverhøi & Solheim 1983). On the shallow Spitsbergen Bank (30–100 m depth) high-energy facies of carbonate sand and gravel were dated: the barnacle remains are 2–3 thousand years old ( Bjorlykke et al.